可数不可数名词用法练习题

可数名词和不可数名词

英语中的名词指的是一种抽象的或者具体的事物，它有可数和不可数之分。所谓可数名词指的就是在数量上可以计数，可以数出数量的事物；所谓不可数名词是指不能以数目来计算，不可以分成个体的概念、状态、品质、感情或表示物质材料的东西。

可数名词在他之前可以加上冠词a/an。而不可数名词前面是不可以直接家冠词的。可数名词变为复数形式有如下变化规律：

a．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds ；读音：清辅音后读[s]，浊辅音和

元音后读[z]。

b．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches ；读音：[iz]。

c．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries ；读音：[z]。

d．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives ，thief-thieves；读音：[z]。e．以“o”结尾的词，分两种情况

1）有生命的+es 读音：[z] 如：mango-mangoes tomato-tomatoes hero-heroes

2) 无生命的+s 读音：[z] 如：photo-photos radio-radios

f. 不规则名词复数：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen,

policewoman-policewomen, snowman-snowmen, mouse-mice, child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people。

除此之外，还有一部分名词单复数同形，如：

fish鱼，deer鹿，sheep绵羊，works（工厂），means手段，Swiss瑞士人，Chinese 中国人，news 新闻，goods 商品

有一些名词则只有复数形式：

trousers裤子，pants裤子，shorts短裤glasses眼镜，compasses圆规，scales天平，pliers钳子，clips剪子

“某国人”的复数有三种类型：

（1）Chinese, Japanese, Swiss 三国人单数复数同形，不需加s；

（2）Englishman, Frenchman, Dutchman复数要把man 变为men；

（3）其他各国人以–an, -ian收尾的均直接加s。如：Americans, Australians, Indians等。

可依照这个口诀记忆：中日不变，英法变，其他”s”加后面。

不可数名词一般没有复数形式，只有单数形式，它的前面不能用不定冠词a / an ，若要表示它的个体意义时，一般需要将其量化。

不可数名词如何量化：就是在不可数名词前面加上“数词+量词+of”，比如：

a piece of bread（paper(纸), cloth(布), coal(煤), news(新闻), advice(意见),

information(信息), , meat(肉) ）

an item of information 一则情报 a slip of paper 一张纸条

a length of cloth 一段布料 a cake of soap 一块肥皂

a tube of tooth-paste 一条牙膏 a bottle of ink 一瓶墨水等。

当量词可数，且前面的数词大于一时，量词需要用复数形式，

如two bottles of water 两瓶水two pieces of paper 两张纸等；

同时，可数名词也有相应用法，如：a box of apples 一箱苹果six boxes of apples 六箱苹果等。

最常见的不可数名词有：advice, baggage, change(零钱), furniture（家具）, hair, homework, information, knowledge, luggage（行李）, money, news, progress, traffic

其它不可数名词还有：absence, age, anger, courage, energy, equipment, experience, failure, fear, food, fun, health, ice, industry, kindness, labour, luck, marriage, music, nature, paper, peace, pleasure, power, pride, rain, research, respect, safety, salt, sand, silence, sleep, strength, snow, technology, time, trade, transport, travel, trust, truth, waste, water, wealth, weather, wind, world等。

上面提到的可数名词和不可数名词并不是一成不变的。英文中的很多词都是一词多义，名词也不例外，同是一个词在一种情况下是可数名词，而在另一种场合却是不可数名词，

如：可数名词: a tin 一只罐头a relation 亲属an iron 一把熨斗a democracy民主国家a glass 一只玻璃杯a beauty美人，美的东西A wood 一片树林a power

不可数名词: tin 锡relation 关系Iron 铁democracy民主glass 玻璃beauty 美Wood 木头power威力，电力。

我们讨论名词的落脚点在,当名词充当主语时,谓语动词在人称、数等方面必须与其保持一致--即"主谓一致性"的问题。

告诉你一个简单的判断方法：如果一个名词所代表的事物，“切”成两半之后仍为该物（比如说“water”一词）分成两半之后仍称做“water”,那么它就是不可数名词。反之，例如“bike”，分成两半之后就不是它了！所以自行车可数。液体，肉类，抽象名词，米饭，钱，知识

常用不可数名词

bread面包beer啤酒

cloth布coffee咖啡

cream奶油dust尘土

gin杜松子酒glass玻璃

gold黄金ice冰

jam果酱oil油

paper纸sand沙

soap肥皂stone石头

tea茶water水juice饮料

wine葡萄酒wood木头

advice忠告／主意beauty美丽，漂亮

courage勇气death死亡

experience经验fear担心

help帮助hope希望

horror恐惧information消息／信息

knowledge知识mercy仁慈

pity同情relief救济

suspicion猜疑work工作

baggage行李camping露营

damage损害furniture家具

luggage 行李parking停车

shopping购物weather天气

money金钱people人物

a bit of news一件消息

a cake of soap一块肥皂

a drop of oil一滴油

a grain of sand一粒沙子

a pane of glass一块玻璃

a piece of advice一条忠告

a pot of jam一罐果酱

a sheet of paper一页纸

a box of milk一盒牛奶

最常见的不可数名词有：advice, baggage, change(零钱), furniture, hair, homework, information, knowledge, luggage, money, news, progress, traffic

2、其它不可数名词还有：absence, age, anger, courage, energy, equipment, experience, failure, fear, food, fun, health, ice, industry, kindness, labour, luck, marriage, music, nature, paper, peace, pleasure, power, pride, rain, research, respect, safety, salt, sand, silence, sleep, strength, snow, technology, time, trade, transport, travel, trust, truth, waste, water, wealth, weather, wind, work（工作）

不可数名词：

a piece of news

a good piece of news

a bad piece of news.

An exciting piece of news

much newspaper

two pieces of information

a set of furniture

much machinery

a lot of jewellery

enough chalk

three pieces of bread much homework

a lot of work

much experience

a bar of chocolate

a stick of candy

a cake of soap

a bowl of soup

a mouthful of rice

a spoonful of sugar

a handful of sand

a cup of coffee

a grain of rice

a sum of money

a block of ice

a box of chalk

a glass of milk

a basin of water

an article of clothing

a suit of clothes

much food

enough money

a box of gold

a pile of sand

four sheets of paper

five bottles of wine

a glass of juice

a bottle of jam

a bowl of soup

a grain of rice

a sum of money

a block of ice

常用不可数名词

bread面包beer啤酒cloth布coffee咖啡cream奶油dust尘土gin杜松子酒glass玻璃gold黄金ice冰

jam果酱oil油

paper纸sand沙

soap肥皂stone石头

tea茶water水juice饮料

wine葡萄酒wood木头

advice忠告／主意beauty美丽，漂亮

courage勇气death死亡

experience经验fear担心

help帮助hope希望

horror恐惧information消息／信息

knowledge知识mercy仁慈

pity同情relief救济

suspicion猜疑work工作

baggage行李camping露营

damage损害furniture家具

luggage 行李parking停车

shopping购物weather气候

只能修饰不可数名词的词语有:

much, a great deal of, a great / large amount of等。

记住这十个词，人称雷打不动的十大金刚：

advice,news,information, progress,work.fun,weather,music,health,luck。

在使用这些词时，不管其前面有多少修饰语，其前一定不要用不定冠词a或an。

一、可数名词与不可数名词的区别

普通名词所表示的人或事物是可以按个数计算的，这类名词叫可数名词。可数名词分为

个体名词(表示某类人或事物中的个体，如worker, farmer, desk, factory等)和集体名词(表示作为一个整体来看的一群人或一些事物，如people,family 等)。如果普通名词所表示的事物是不能按个数来计算的，这类名词就叫不可数名词。不可数名词分为物质名词(表示无法分为个体的物质，如meat, rice, water, milk, orange 等)和抽象名词(表示动作、状态、情况、品质等抽象概念，如work, homework, time, health, friendship等)。二、可数名词的家务事

可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。指一个人或一件事物时，用单数形式；指两个或多个人或事物时用复数形式。名词由单数形式变成复数形式的规则如下：

1. 一般的名词词尾直接加-s 。如：

book → books room → rooms

house → houses day → days

2. 以s,ss, ch,sh, x 结尾的名词，在词尾加-es 。如：

bus → buses glass → glasses

watch → watches

dish → dishes box → boxes

3. 以"辅音字母+y"结尾的名词，要先将y改为i再加-es。如：

city → cities body → bodies

factory → factories等等。

4. 以f 或fe 结尾的名词，要将f或fe改为v再加-es。如：

half → halves leaf → leaves

knife → knives wife → wives

5. 特例 [悄悄话：特例常常考，要记住。]

① child → children

② man → men woman → women

policeman → policemen

(规律：man → men)

③ tomato → tomatoes

potato → potatoes

[悄悄话：初中英语以o 结尾的名词变复数时只有这两个词加-es，其余的当然加-s喽！如：photo → photos ]

④ foot → feet tooth → teeth

[悄悄话： oo变成ee。]

⑤ sheep, Chinese, Japanese单、复数同形[悄悄话：变复数时词形不变。]

⑥ people单数形式表示复数意义，要求谓语动词用复数；people的复数形式peoples通常指"多个民族"。

三、不可数名词的家务事

1. 不可数名词没有复数，当它作句子的主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。如：

The food is very fresh.食品很新鲜。

2. 有的不可数名词也可以作可数名词，有复数形式，但他们的意义往往发生变化。如：

water (水) → waters (水域)

orange (橘汁) → oranges (橘子)

3. 很多的不可数名词表示泛指时为不可数，表示种类时就可数，但意义大多不发生变化。如：

fruit → fruits food → foods

fish → fishes hair → hairs

名词分为专有名词和普通名词两大类。普通名词又分为个体名词和集体名词。在句子中可数名词要么前边加冠词，要么用其复数形式。名词的复数通常加s，但以s，x，ch，sh结尾的词es；以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的词把“y”变成“i”，再加es。不规则名词的复数有其特殊形式。物质名词和抽象名词为不可数名词。名词有主格(作主语)、宾格(作宾语)和属格(表示所属关系)。冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词，它们有其基本用法和特殊用法。数词分为基数词、序数词和分数词，数词与名词在实际运用中要呼应。

名词的数

一、可数名词

1. 可数名词有单复数之分。在句中，名词的单数形式前边要有冠词或表示单数的限定词，否则就要用其复数形式。名词的复数形式通常是在单数形式后加词尾s、es，或将y改为i再加es。但如果名词前边有表示单数的冠词或表示单数的限定词，就不能用其复数形式

2. 有少数名词的复数形式是不规则的，child→children, man→men, woman→women, foot→feet, tooth→teeth, goose→geese, mouse→mice, ox→oxen

3. 英语里还有些名词的单复数变化较为特殊，需特别注意

analysis→analyses, bacterium→bacteria, basis→bases, crisis→crises, criterion→criteria, datum→data, formula→formulae(或formulas), fungus→fungi, phenomenon→phenomena,syllabus→syllabi, thesis→theses

4. 有些名词的单复数是一样的：aircraft, spacecraft, Chinese, deer, fish, Japanese, means, series, species等。

5. 如果前边有表示复数的限定词时名词用其复数形式

6. 在形容词最高级中，表示范围的of后要用名词复数形式

7. 有些集体名词在形式上是单数如people(人民，人们)，police(警察)，cattle(牲畜)，staff(全体人员，全体

职员)，但它们表达复数的含意。如果这些词做主语，其谓语须用复数形式。

8. hair和fruit一般情况下用单数，表示总体。但如果我们要表示若干根头发或几种水果时，就要用这两个词的复数形式

eg: He bought apples, oranges and other fruits. (“fruits”在此处意为“多种水果”)

另外还要注意：police和cattle的谓语形式总是用复数形式。

9. 名词做定语时，不能用作复数

二、不可数名词

1. 不可数名词为物质名词和抽象名词，如information, proverty, advice, anger, applause, baggage, cake, chalk, chocolate, cloth(布), bread, damage(损害), equipment, fruit, furniture, gold, information, ink, jewellery, luggage, mail(邮件), money, news, paper, protection, soap, sugar, weaponry, machinery, scenery, personnel, work等

注：不可数名词可以与表示量的可数名词连用，借以表示“可数”的概念，我们可以加a(n) piece ［sheet(张), suit(套), tube(管), packet(包), item(条，则), bar(条), basket(篮子), glass(杯),bunch(束), pair(双，对), bowl(碗), portion(份), herd(群), series(系列), shower(阵) etc. ］，如：a piece of advice(一条建议) ／a basket of fruit(一篮水果) ／an item of information (一则信息)／a kind of protection(一种保护)等。

不可数名词前一般不需要加定冠词，永远不能加不定冠词！

例如下列用法均属错误：

the mathematics the banking a cloth an equipment

不可数名词作主语，谓语要用单数形式。

如：Water is important.

但如果不可数名词前面被piece,drop,set等词修饰时，谓语应该与piece,drop,set等的单复数形式保持一致

例如：Few drops of water are needed to save the flower.

下面是典型的不可数名词，是应该熟记的！！

air,smoke,steam,vapor,hydrogen,oxygen,nitrogen,water,oil,soup,juice,ink,rain,snow,ice,tea, coffee,wine,sunlight,sunshine,lightning,thunder,weather,darkness,heat,light,electricity, energy,power,sugar,salt,rice,corn,powder,flour,sand,dust,dirt,garbage,grass,hair,furniture, luggage,clothing,mail,equipment,food,meat,fruit,bread,toast,stone,iron,copper,chalk,paper, glass,wood,money,poetry,jewelry,machinery,weaponry,personnel,scenery,happiness, kindness,honesty,friendship,attention,wisdom,success,courage,bravery,health,wealth, ignorance,trouble,ease,luck,laughter,love,peace,news,information,knowledge,intelligence, fun,pleasure,entertainment,enjoyment,recreation,relaxation,progress,room,work, homework,population,percent,mathematics,econmics,statistics,meteorology,anthropology, architecture,physics,photography,ethics,politics,mechanics,genetics,geology,geography, chemistry,philosophy,biology,history,music,English,measles,mumps,diabetes,malaria, pediatrics,obsterics

请特别注意其中以－s结尾的不可数名词，大家平时应该积累遇到的不可数名词

！！注意下列可数名词！！

poet poem essay newspaper machine weapon scene photograph photographer

英语中有许多名词既可作可数，又可作不可数。如:hair作“人或动物的毛”的时候是可数名词，作头发解释时是不可数名词。判断一个词是否可数，除了记忆以外，主要看题中该名词的修饰词来决定。如：much 只能修饰不可数名词

可数名词不可数名词练习题

一、写出下列名词的复数形式

1、orange

2、class

3、text

4、monkey

5、piano

6、child

7、shelf 8、bed 9、country

10、family 11、toy 12、foot

13、Japanese 14、radio 15、photo

16、army 17、tomato 18、fox

19、woman 20、knife 22、sheep

二、选择填空

1、There on the wall .They are very beautiful.

A. are photoes

B. are photos

C. is a photo

D. is photos

2. This car made in Shanghai.

A. is B .are C .were D .has

3. There are four and two in the group.

A. Japanese, Germen B Japaneses, Germen

C. Japanese,German C.Japanese, Germans

4. That’s art book.

A. an

B. a

C. the D are

5. The boys have got already.

A. two bread

B. two breads

C. two pieces of bread

D. two piece of bread

6. The old man wants .

A. six boxes of apples

B. six boxes of apple

C. six box of apples

D. six boxs of apples

7. There some in the river.

A. is, fish

B. are, fishs

C. is, fishs

D. are, fish

8. There two in the box.

A. is watch

B. are watches

C. are watch

D. is watches

9. We should clean twice a day.

A .our tooth B. our tooths C. teeth D. our teeth

10.The _____ meeting room is near the reading room.

A. teacher

B.teacher’s

C.teachers’

D.teach ers

11. In Britain _____ are all painted red.

A. letter boxes

B.letters boxes

C. letter box

D.letters box

12.There are_____ birds in that big tree.

A. hundreds of

B. five hundreds of

C. five hundred of

D. hundred of

用所给名词的适当形式填空。

1. How many________(sheep) are there on the hill?

2. There is some________(food) in the basket.

3. The baby has only two________(tooth) now.

4. There is a lot of________(water) in the bottle.

5. There are five________(people ) in his family.

6. L et’s take________(photo), OK?

7. I have lots of________(tomato) here.

8. The________(leaf) on the tree turn-yellow.

9. The________(child) are playing games on the playground now.

10. Their________(dictionary) look new.

11. I see you have a few white________(hair).

12. They are________(woman) doctors.

13. Can you give me some bottles of ____ (orange), please?

14. There are many________(fox) in the picture.

15. I would like some apple________(juice). I am very thirsty.

参考答案：

1. sheep

2. food

3. teeth

4. water

5. people

6. photos

7. tomatoes

8. leaves

9. ch ildren 10. dictionaries 11. hair, hairs 12. women 13. orange 14. foxes 15. juice