音标-英语单词发音规则(超全)
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英语单词发音规则
一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音
元音字母读音例词
在开音节中[ei] name plane Jane baby cake
a
在闭音节中[æ] bag dad hat map black back
在开音节中[i:] he these me Chinese
e
在闭音节中[e] bed let pen desk yes egg
在开音节中[ai] bike fly drive time nice kite
i
在闭音节中[i] fish big drink sit milk swim
在开音节中[☜u] those close go hoe home no
o
在闭音节中[ ] clock not box shop sock
在开音节中[ju:] student excuse duty Tuesday
u
在闭音节中[Λ] bus cup jump much lunch
在开音节中,元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音,例如:June blue ruler super
三、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音
元音字母读音例词
a在[w]音后面[ ] want what watch wash quality
a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前[α:] after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father i在-nd -ld和gh前[ai] find child light high
o在-st -ld前[ou] most postcard old cold
o在m n v th前[Λ] come monkey love mother
二、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音
元音字母读音例词
[☜]☜China another woman breakfast
a
[i] orange comrade village cabbage
[☜] hundred student open weekend
e
[i] chicken pocket begin children
[☜]/[i] holiday beautiful family animal
i
[ai] exercise satellite
[☜] second tonight somebody welcome
o
[☜u] also zero photo
[☜] autumn difficult
u
[ju:] popular congratulation January
动词中的a如果处在开音节位置,a读[ei]音,例如:operate
u处在开音节位置,又在辅音字母j l r s后面时,读[u(:)]音,例如:July influence February issue
在非重读音节中,许多单词中的元音字母a e i 即可以读作[☜]音,也可以读作[i]音。
四、-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组读音例词
[α:] car farm dark sharpener
ar
ar在[w]音后面[ :] warm quarter towards
[ :] forty morning short
or
or在[w]音后面[☜:] word worker worse
er ir ur [☜:] certainly bird Thursday
辅音字母r双写时,前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如:carry sorry hurry
-r音节在非重读音节中通常读[☜]音,例如:dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday
五、-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组读音例词
are [ε☜] care dare hare
ere [i☜] here mere
ire [ai☜] fire hire wire
ore [ :] more score before
ure [ju☜] pure cure
are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中,ure在非重读音节中读[☜]音,例如:picture pleasure
重读元音字母加Rr,再加非重读元字组时,重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读,字母Rr读[r]音。
例如:par e nt zer o stor y dur i ng inspir i ng
某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。
例如:orange very American paragraph
六、元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组读音例词
ai/ay [ei] afraid rain wait day play
air [ε☜] air hair chair pair repair
[ ] small ball talk wall all
al
[ :l] always also salt almost
al在f m前
[α:] half calm
au/aw [ :] autumn daughter draw
[i:] teach easy cheap please
ea
[e] heavy bread sweater weather
[ei] break great
[i☜] hear dear near clear year
ear
[ε☜] bear pear wear swear
[☜:] earth learn early