RabbitMQ实现延迟消息居然如此简单，整个插件就完事了

RabbitMQ可以通过插件rabbitmq_delayed_message_exchange实现延迟消息。该插件提供了一个特殊的交换机类型x-delayed-message，可以根据消息的延迟时间将消息路由到对应的队列中。 使用步骤如下： 1. 安装插件 ``` rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_delayed_message_exchange ``` 2. 创建x-delayed-message类型的交换机 ``` channel.exchange_declare(exchange='delayed_exchange', exchange_type='x-delayed-message', arguments={'x-delayed-type': 'direct'}) ``` 3. 创建队列并绑定交换机 ``` channel.queue_declare(queue='delayed_queue') channel.queue_bind(queue='delayed_queue', exchange='delayed_exchange', routing_key='delayed_routing_key') ``` 4. 发送延迟消息 ``` import time import json message = {'key': 'value'} headers = {'x-delay': 10000} # 延迟10秒 channel.basic_publish(exchange='delayed_exchange', routing_key='delayed_routing_key', body=json.dumps(message), properties=pika.BasicProperties(headers=headers)) ``` 5. 消费延迟消息 ``` def callback(ch, method, properties, body): print("Received message:", body) ch.basic_ack(delivery_tag=method.delivery_tag) channel.basic_consume(queue='delayed_queue', on_message_callback=callback) channel.start_consuming() ``` 注意：延迟时间是通过消息的header中的x-delay属性设置的，单位是毫秒。另外，需要确保RabbitMQ服务器的时间与实际时间同步，否则延迟时间可能会不准确。